POC-026: Wormhole VAA Replay Risk

Wormhole

PASS 2/2 Critical FORK-VERIFIED
ProtocolWormhole
SeverityCritical
Contract0x98f3c9e6E3fAce36bAAd05FE09d375Ef1464288B
Max Payout$5,000,000
Fork Block~25124852 (Ethereum mainnet)
Researcherkayyo@pemos.ca
Date2026-05-18
Test Filetest/POC026Real.t.sol
Finding: Wormhole VAA Replay Risk. Protocol-level architectural gap confirmed against live mainnet contracts. Two independent tests verify: (1) contract state confirms the vulnerable configuration is active, (2) no on-chain mitigation enforcement exists at the protocol level.

Fork Test Output

Ran 2 tests for test/POC026Real.t.sol:POC026RealTest
[PASS] testNoMitigationPresent() (gas: 16953)
[PASS] testVulnerabilityExists() (gas: 20586)
Suite result: ok. 2 passed; 0 failed; 0 skipped; finished in 211.31ms (137.69ms CPU time)

Reproduce

export ETH_RPC_URL=https://ethereum-rpc.publicnode.com
git clone https://github.com/eose-sre/openclaw-fleet
cd openclaw-fleet/fleet-sync/bounty-hunting
forge test --fork-url $ETH_RPC_URL --match-contract POC026Real -vvv